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Health · a live data story

Pain Relief,
according to AI

Every week we ask ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini the questions real UK consumers ask about pain relief — and record exactly which brands they put forward. Right now, Ibuprofen owns the conversation.

0 AI answers this run · 0 brands named · measured, never estimated

The podium

Ibuprofen is the default answer.

Named in 88% of pain relief answers, typically in position 1.8. Paracetamol follows at 73%, Aspirin at 42%.

Paracetamol
73% of answers
Ibuprofen
88% of answers
Aspirin
42% of answers
The full board

Every brand AI names, ranked.

Visibility is the share of answers naming the brand; citation share is its slice of all brand-owned pages cited; read→cited is how often its pages convert a read into a citation.

#BrandVisibilityAvg. positionCitation shareRead→cited
1Ibuprofen 88% 1.8 0%
2Paracetamol 73% 1.5 0%
3Aspirin 42% 3.4 0%
4Well 33% 2.4 13%
5Nurofen 15% 3.7 25%
6Panadol 12% 3.1 0%
7Voltaren 10% 2.5 0%
8Voltarol 10% 2.5 25% 0%
9Boots 5% 4.3 0%
10Tiger Balm 3% 3.5 0%
11Ibuleve 3% 4.0 0%
12Superdrug 3% 6.5 0%
13Aleve 2% 1.0 0%
14Imigran 2% 1.0 0%
15Anadin 2% 2.0 0%
What AI wants here

Ibuprofen is named most. That is not the same as being wanted.

Being named is visibility. Underneath it, every answer describes a brand in three ways — how much it stands out, how much it belongs, and how much it is returned to. In pain relief, Paracetamol leads attachment at 126 against Ice Storm at 83, indexed on the category at 100.

Attachment
Paracetamol126
Ice Storm83
43-point spread · tracks being named 0.47
Affinity
Calpol111
Ice Storm75
36-point spread · tracks being named 0.53
Attraction
Calpol104
Ice Storm75
29-point spread · tracks being named 0.44
Calpol: Attraction 104, Affinity 111, Attachment 111
Calpol
Complete desire
Nurofen: Attraction 104, Affinity 99, Attachment 111
Nurofen
Performance brand
Paracetamol: Attraction 88, Affinity 109, Attachment 126
Paracetamol
Habit, not love
AttractionAffinityAttachment

Each whorl lights one ring per index threshold cleared. See the full pain relief desire edition →

What AI searched for first

Before it answers, it goes looking for Ibuprofen.

An assistant does not answer from memory alone. It runs its own web searches first, and whoever it searches for is the shortlist it then chooses from. Across 82 searches in pain relief, Ibuprofen is named in 51% of the ones that name a brand at all. ChatGPT Web does not report its searches, so these shares are measured against the ones that do.

Ibuprofen 51%
Paracetamol 41%
Aspirin 3%
Panadol 3%
Voltarol 3%
Claude
Searches per question1.5
Names a brand22%
Names a year13%
Goes to a site0%
Gemini
Searches per question2
Names a brand21%
Names a year0%
Goes to a site0%
ChatGPT
Searches per question1
Names a brand65%
Names a year0%
Goes to a site100%
site:nhs.uk arthritis pain anti-inflammatory medicines NSAIDs topical ibuprofen diclofenac
ChatGPT
topical muscle rubs versus oral ibuprofen workout recovery effectiveness
Claude
extended release paracetamol naproxen ibuprofen stomach protection UK
Gemini
generic paracetamol vs branded panadol extra absorption comparison
Gemini

These are the assistants' own searches, read from their answers — not what anyone typed into a search engine.

Who AI trusts here

The referees of pain relief.

The independent sources AI models cite when answering pain relief questions — the places a brand needs to be seen, reviewed and ranked.

nhs.uk 90 cites
nice.org.uk 16 cites
nhsinform.scot 9 cites
migrainetrust.org 7 cites
nih.gov 7 cites
arthritis-uk.org 6 cites
ashcroftpharmacy.co.uk 4 cites
bupa.co.uk 4 cites
medicines.org.uk 4 cites
clevelandclinic.org 3 cites
Read is not cited

The citation gap.

When Claude or ChatGPT opens a brand's own pages while answering, does the page make the cited-sources list? Too little read data in this category so far — the weekly runs will fill this in.

Full data table
#BrandVisibilityAvg. positionCitation shareRead→cited
1Ibuprofen88%1.80%
2Paracetamol73%1.50%
3Aspirin42%3.40%
4Well33%2.413%
5Nurofen15%3.725%
6Panadol12%3.10%
7Voltaren10%2.50%
8Voltarol10%2.525%0%
9Boots5%4.30%
10Tiger Balm3%3.50%
11Ibuleve3%4.00%
12Superdrug3%6.50%
13Aleve2%1.00%
14Imigran2%1.00%
15Anadin2%2.00%
Which AI you ask

All three models agree: Ibuprofen.

A rare consensus — every model puts Ibuprofen first, and their top-five lists overlap 67%. Winning here means winning everywhere at once.

Claude recommends
Ibuprofen
named in 80% of its answers
Gemini recommends
Ibuprofen
named in 95% of its answers
ChatGPT recommends
Ibuprofen
named in 90% of its answers

Brands whose visibility swings most between models — the bar per model, widest gap on the right.

Paracetamol 30pp
Aspirin 25pp
Nurofen 25pp
Ibuprofen 15pp
Well 15pp
Panadol 15pp
Voltarol 10pp
Voltaren 10pp
ClaudeGeminiChatGPT
The data behind this chart
BrandClaudeGeminiChatGPTSpread
Paracetamol55%80%85%30pp
Aspirin40%30%55%25pp
Nurofen10%30%5%25pp
Ibuprofen80%95%90%15pp
Well40%35%25%15pp
Panadol10%20%5%15pp
Voltarol15%10%5%10pp
Voltaren15%10%5%10pp
Superdrug0%10%0%10pp
Boots0%10%5%10pp
What AI reads here

Editorial carry pain relief.

Every page AI opened while answering, classified by what kind of page it is. Editorial supply the most citations; Comparisons convert best — 93% of the ones models opened were actually cited.

Editorial
62 cited · 10 read only
86% of reads cited
How-to guides
57 cited · 14 read only
80% of reads cited
Other
21 cited · 12 read only
64% of reads cited
Comparisons
14 cited · 1 read only
93% of reads cited
Product pages
9 cited · 1 read only
90% of reads cited
Listicles
9 cited · 2 read only
82% of reads cited
Documentation
8 cited · 6 read only
57% of reads cited
spec-sheet
8 cited · 4 read only
67% of reads cited
The data behind this chart
Page typeCitedRead but not citedConversion
Editorial621086%
How-to guides571480%
Other211264%
Comparisons14193%
Product pages9190%
Listicles9282%
Documentation8657%
spec-sheet8467%
What gets cited

Structured data is what separates cited from ignored.

Of the pain relief pages models actually opened, how much more often each feature's pages ended up in the cited sources. Structured data is worth 22 percentage points; hard statistics pages fare 20pp worse. Measured within the read population, so selection can't flatter it.

Structured data +22pp
Named author +7pp
Comparison table +4pp
Updated this year +4pp
Answer up front +2pp
Specifications -5pp
Hard statistics -20pp
The data behind this chart
FeaturePages withCited %Pages withoutCited %Difference
Structured data18586%8764%+22pp
Named author12083%15276%+7pp
Comparison table4783%22579%+4pp
Updated this year5782%21579%+4pp
Answer up front13481%13878%+2pp
Specifications3675%23680%-5pp
Hard statistics5864%21484%-20pp
Citation readiness

Asda builds pages AI can quote.

Readiness scores each brand's own pages on the structure models reward — a direct answer up front, tables, hard numbers, named authors, structured data, recency, specifications. Asda is the widest gap: well-built pages that still aren't converting into citations.

BrandReadinessPages citedPages profiled
Asda 33 0% 3
Superdrug 33 0% 3
Voltarol 33 0% 66
Nurofen 32 2% 128
Advil 25 0% 4
Boots 22 0% 9
Tesco 21 0% 3
LloydsPharmacy 19 0% 8
Well 18 0% 126
Panadol 8 0% 39

Readiness is the share of eight measurable structural signals present on a brand's profiled pages. It is a build-quality measure, not a ranking of the brand.

What the answers answer

The questions pain relief pages have to settle.

Read straight off the pages AI cited: the consumer questions cited content answers most often. Content that fails to settle these is content models have no reason to quote.

What causes tension headaches?
What is a muscle strain?
When should you see a GP for headaches?
When should you call 999 or go to A&E for a headache?
How long does it take for a sprain or strain to heal?
How do NSAIDs work?
What are triptans?
When should I take NSAIDs?
Keep exploring

Nineteen more categories.

Method: 20 unbranded consumer prompts per category, spread across the buying journey, run weekly against ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini. Read→cited uses Claude and ChatGPT only (Gemini does not separate the two). Correlational observations of model behaviour at the time of the run. Data from the run completed Wed, 02 Sep 2026 07:26:05 GMT.

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